A senate is a deliberative assembly, often part of a larger legislative body, that is typically smaller and more specialized than the main legislative body. The role and powers of a senate can vary depending on the country and its political system, but it is generally responsible for representing specific interests or regions, providing a check on the power of the main legislative body, and participating in the legislative process. Senates are found in many countries around the world, including the United States, Canada, Australia, and many others. **

The Berlin Senate did not support pedophiles. In the 1970s and 1980s, there were some controversial movements in Berlin that advocated for the rights of pedophiles, but these were not officially supported by the government. The Berlin Senate's focus was on promoting human rights and freedom of expression, which led to some fringe groups being able to voice their opinions, even if they were highly controversial. It is important to distinguish between individual movements and the official stance of the government. **

'Zum' is a preposition in German that means 'to' or 'until', while 'bis zum' means 'until'. The main difference between the two is that 'zum' is used to indicate a destination or endpoint, while 'bis zum' is used to specify a point in time or a deadline. For example, 'Ich gehe zum Supermarkt' means 'I am going to the supermarket', while 'Ich arbeite bis zum Abend' means 'I am working until the evening'. **

Augustus had a complex relationship with the Senate. Initially, he sought to maintain the facade of a Republic and worked closely with the Senate to consolidate his power. However, over time, he gradually centralized power in his own hands, leading to tensions with the Senate. Despite this, Augustus maintained a semblance of cooperation with the Senate, often consulting them on important matters and allowing them to retain some authority. Ultimately, Augustus's rule marked a transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire, with the Senate becoming more of a symbolic body under his reign. **

"Bis zum Fristen" is a German phrase that translates to "until the deadline" in English. It is used to indicate the specific time or date by which something needs to be completed or submitted. This phrase is commonly used in academic or work settings to emphasize the importance of meeting a deadline. **

"Bis zum 30." is a German phrase that translates to "until the 30th." It indicates a deadline or a specific date by which something should be completed or achieved. For example, if a document is due "bis zum 30. April," it means the document should be submitted by April 30th. **

"Bis zum" is a German prepositional phrase that translates to "until" or "up to" in English. It is used to indicate a specific point in time or a limit in space. For example, "bis zum Ende" means "until the end" and "bis zum Bahnhof" means "up to the train station." **

The first speech against Catiline in the Senate was delivered by the consul Cicero on November 8, 63 BC. In this speech, Cicero accused Catiline of plotting to overthrow the Roman Republic and urged the Senate to take action against him. Cicero's speech was a powerful and influential condemnation of Catiline's alleged conspiracy, and it ultimately led to Catiline's expulsion from the Senate. This speech marked the beginning of Cicero's efforts to thwart Catiline's conspiracy and protect the Roman state. **